Nephrology & Dialysis

What Is Nephrology?

Nephrology is the branch of internal medicine that deals with the study and treatment of kidney disorders. The kidneys play a crucial role in removing waste, balancing fluids, and regulating blood pressure. Any malfunction in kidney function can lead to toxin buildup, electrolyte imbalance, and even organ failure.

A nephrologist is a specialist doctor who diagnoses, prevents, and treats diseases that affect kidney structure and function.

Common Kidney Diseases Treated at Optimus Hospital, Gurgaon

Our Nephrology Department offers comprehensive management for a wide range of kidney-related disorders. Below are the key diseases we treat:

1. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

Gradual loss of kidney function over time is known as Chronic Kidney Disease.
It often occurs due to diabetes, hypertension, or glomerulonephritis.
Symptoms include:

• Fatigue and weakness

• Swelling of feet or face (edema)

• High blood pressure

• Nausea or vomiting

• Reduced urine output

If untreated, CKD can progress to End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) requiring dialysis or kidney transplantation.

2. Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

A sudden decline in kidney function due to infection, dehydration, or medications.
It’s often reversible if detected early.
Symptoms: Sudden swelling, confusion, fatigue, and decreased urination.

3. Diabetic Nephropathy

A common complication of long-term diabetes where high blood sugar damages the kidneys.
Symptoms: Protein in urine, swelling, foamy urine, and fatigue.
Regular screening helps prevent permanent kidney failure.

4. Hypertensive Nephrosclerosis

High blood pressure over time damages kidney blood vessels.
Symptoms: Headache, swelling, and changes in urine output.
Blood pressure control is key to preventing kidney damage.

5. Glomerulonephritis

Inflammation of the glomeruli (filtering units) of kidneys.
It may be caused by infections, autoimmune diseases, or medications.
Symptoms: Blood in urine (hematuria), swelling, and proteinuria.

6. Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)

A hereditary condition where fluid-filled cysts grow in kidneys, leading to enlargement and loss of function.
Symptoms: Back pain, blood in urine, and high blood pressure.

8. Kidney Stones (Renal Calculi)

Hard mineral deposits that cause severe pain, nausea, or blood in urine.
Treatment includes medications, laser removal, or endoscopic lithotripsy.

9. Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) & Pyelonephritis

Infections of the urinary system that can spread to kidneys.
Symptoms: Fever, burning urination, and flank pain.
Early treatment prevents chronic kidney damage.

10. End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)

When kidney function drops below 15%, dialysis or transplantation becomes essential.
Our hospital provides both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis facilities under expert nephrologist supervision.

Specialized Nephrology Care at Optimus Multispecialty Hospital

• Kidney Transplant Evaluation and Post-Transplant Follow-up

• Lupus Nephritis and Autoimmune Kidney Diseases

• Electrolyte and Acid-Base Imbalance Management

• Drug-Induced Kidney Injury Treatment

• Renal Biopsy and Imaging Guidance

Our nephrologists ensure holistic renal care — from prevention and diagnosis to rehabilitation.

When Should You See a Nephrologist?

You should consult a nephrologist in Gurgaon if you have:

• High blood pressure with abnormal kidney tests

• Swelling in feet, hands, or face

• Blood or protein in urine

• Diabetes for more than 5 years

• Decreased urine output

• Persistent fatigue or nausea

  Why Choose Optimus Hospital for Kidney Care in Gurgaon

  • Experienced Nephrologists and Dialysis Experts

  • 24×7 Dialysis Unit with ICU Backup

  • Comprehensive Nephrology & Transplant Services

  • Advanced Diagnostic Tools (Renal Biopsy, Ultrasound, Blood Tests)

  • Multidisciplinary Approach with Endocrinologists, Cardiologists & Dietitians

  • Patient-Centered Care & Continuous Monitoring